Other Sources of Information
                If you wish to comment on any of the content on this page 
				please  contact us. 
				Reliable sources of components
				
    
        The following organisations provide comprehensive free to access information on original component manufacturers,  authorised distributors and /
        or reliable grey market sources:
    	
    	
            
            CIE Distributor Directory 
            
            Search by part number for inventory and pricing from authorised distributors with the option to specify regions and currency. Uses OEM Secrets data.
            
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            IDEA  
            
            Listing of IDEA (Independent Distributors of Electronic Components) members only. Important note - compliance with IDEA-STD-1010 or any other international standard relating to counterfeit component management not listed - you should check this with IDEA
            
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            OEM Secrets
            
            Search by part number for inventory and pricing from authorised and non-authorised distributors with the option to specify regions and currency.
            
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            Search Authorized Distributors in ECIA
            
            Search by part number for inventory and pricing from authorised distributors with the option to specify regions and currency.
            
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            Tec Transitional 
            
            Training & qualification
Internationally approved courses and qualification examinations for the aviation, defence, automotive, motorsport, rail and nuclear sectors
            
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	    Useful Reference Material
					
        			The following links provide free-to-access electronic copies 
					of useful material or instructions for ordering material, 
					some of which may be chargeable: 
				
				
                    
                    2013: Counterfeit Electronic Component Detection & Avoidance
                    
                    Webinar  University of Maryland CALCE Center
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Available on demand subject to registration 
                    
                    
                    2015 Situation Report on Counterfeiting in the European Union
                    
                    Report  Europol and the Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    2022 Review of Notorious Markets for Counterfeiting and Piracy
                    
                    Report  Office of the US Trade Representative
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Free to download and read online  
                    
                    
                    A practical guide to copyright enforcement for Trading Standards professionals 
                    
                    Publication  Alliance for IP - April 2007 
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    ACI ECA Pocket Guide to Cable Purchasing
                    
                    Guidebook  Approved Cables Initiative
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Advanced Detection of Counterfeit Electronics (ADEC)
                    
                    Presentation  Nokomis Inc - 24 June 2014
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Annual IP crime and enforcement report: 2012 to 2013
                    
                    Report  Intellectual Property Office, UK - 29 July 2013
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Downloadable free of charge - references to electronics on page 39 
                    
                    
                    Annual IP crime and enforcement report: 2013 to 2014
                    
                    Report  Intellectual Property Office - 10 October 2014
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Annual IP crime and enforcement report: 2014 to 2015
                    
                    Report  Intellectual Property Office, UK - 25 September 2015
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Annual IP crime and enforcement report: 2015 to 2016
                    
                    Report  Intellectual Property Office - 28 September 2016
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Annual IP crime and enforcement report: 2016 to 2017
                    
                    Report  Intellectual Property Office 
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Annual IP crime and enforcement report: 2017 to 2018
                    
                    Report  Intellectual Property Office - 6 September 2018
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Annual IP crime and enforcement report: 2018 to 2019
                    
                    Report  Intellectual Property Office - 5 September 2019
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Free to view online and download 
                    
                    
                    Annual IP crime and enforcement report: 2019 to 2020
                    
                    Report  Intellectual Property Office - 2 September 2020
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Free to view online and download 
                    
                    
                    Annual IP crime and enforcement report: 2020 to 2021
                    
                    Report  Intellectual Property Office - 9 September 2021
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Free to view online and download 
                    
                    
                    Anti counterfeit, brand protection & tamper evident solutions 
                    
                    Report  James Bevan and Jeremy Plimmer
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Download table of contents free of charge, full report available to purchase 
                    
                    
                    Anti Counterfeit, Brand Protection & Tamper Evident Solutions - Companies & Technologies
                    
                    Report  Vandagraf International - 7 November 2014
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Chargeable but table of contents available on request to info@vanadagraf.com 
                    
                    
                    Anti-Counterfeit Cartridges
                    
                    Guidance  Brother Ireland
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Useful online tool to verify the provenance of Brother printer cartridges 
                    
                    
                    Anti-counterfeiting 2016 – A Global Guide
                    
                    Report  World Trademark Review
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Free to view online 
                    
                    
                    Anti-Counterfeiting Guide archive
                    
                    Reports  World Trademark Review
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Free to view online guides from previous years 
                    
                    
                    Applying artificial intelligence in online brand protection
                    
                    Webinar on demand  Red Points
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Register to download the webinar 
                    
                    
                    Authenticate your SKF products 
                    
                    App  SKF
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Authorized source directory
                    
                    Publication  the SIA (Semiconductor Industry Association) Anti-Counterfeit Task Force 
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                    Best Practices for Brand Protection and Effective Enforcement in China
                    
                    White paper  MarkMonitor - 2 July 2014
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Free to download subject to registration 
                    
                    
                    Best Practices in the Fight against Global Counterfeiting
                    
                    Guide  American National Standards Institute (ANSI) - 16 May 2011
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Free to download pdf 
                    
                    
                    Blockchain in Electronic Component Market - Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast 2017 - 2025
                    
                    Report  Transparency Market Research
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Available to purchase at 
                    
                    
                    Business guidance on changes to the law on designs
                    
                    Guidance document  Intellectual Property Office - 2 July 2014
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Characterizing Transboundary Flows of Used Electronics: Summary Report
                    
                    Report  Massachusetts Institute of Technology - 20 January 2012
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    ChipCheck: Inspection of Counterfeit Components Guide
                    
                    CD-ROM  SMART Group
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Confronting coding challenges in the cable and wire industries
                    
                    White paper  Domino Printing Sciences
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeit and non-compliant communications cable - what you need to know
                    
                    Presentation  Communication Cable & Connectivity Association - 10 July 2014
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                    Counterfeit and Substandard Semiconductors: The Solution to the Threats
                    
                    Paper  Rochester Electronics - September 2011
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeit Avoidance and Detection: What Does It Mean For Suppliers?
                    
                    Presentation  Lockheed Martin
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Free to view online and download 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeit Awareness Event 
                    
                    Presentations  UK Ministry of Defence - 7 July 2016
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeit capacitors in the supply chain
                    
                    Paper  Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics
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Available to purchase 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeit Components - Assessment Methodology and Metric Development
                    
                    Various online resources  INEMI (International Electronics Manufacturing Initiative) - 15 October 2013
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Free to view video, documents, presentations and other resources 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeit Components Infographic
                    
                    Infographic  Venkel Ltd
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeit detection and avoidance
                    
                    Presentation  M Tehranipoor, University of Connecticut - 24 September 2014
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeit Electronic Components in the U.S. Supply Chain
                    
                    Report summary  Rochester Electronics - June 2012
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 Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeit Electronic Parts and Their Impact on Supply Chains
                    
                    Book  Kirsten M Koepsel, SAE International
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Available for purchase 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeit Electronic Parts, a Spotlight on Design™ Video
                    
                    Video  SAE International
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Available for purchase 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeit Electronics & Materials Symposium Preview Webinar
                    
                    Video  SMTA
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Free to view 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeit Fraudulent and Suspect Items
                    
                    Video  Nuclear Industry Safety Directors' Forum
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Free to view online 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeit Integrated Circuits and Recycled Electronic Components Detection
                    
                    Research note  Nature Research Intelligence
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Free to access 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeit Integrated Circuits: A Rising Threat in the Global Semiconductor Supply Chain
                    
                    Paper  IEEE - 1 August 2014
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeit Materiel Process Guidebook
                    
                    Guide  US Department of the Navy - 30 June 2017
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Free to view online and download 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeit Medical Device Parts - Video Cards
                    
                    Video  Summit Imaging
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Free to view online 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeit Parts and Their Impact on the Supply Chain, Second Edition
                    
                    Book  SAE International  
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Available to purchase at 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeit Parts in Aerospace Manufacturing
                    
                    Webinar  NSF International
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Register to download the webinar 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeit Parts in Defence Purchases: Implications of New U.S Rules for India's Defence Management
                    
                    Paper  Sandeep Verma, Unique Identification Authority of India - 2 June 2014
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeit Parts: Increasing Awareness and Developing Countermeasures
                    
                    Report  Aerospace Indiustries Association - 1 March 2011
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Free to download pdf 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeit Risk & Mitigation Thought Leader Panel Discussion
                    
                    Webinar on demand  Silicon Expert
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Register to download the webinar 
                    
                    
                    Counterfeits Can Kill
                    
                    Video  ESFI and the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA)
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                    Criminal Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights: U.S. Perspective
                    
                    Paperback  Sherri L Schornstein, Author
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Available to purchase from any good bookshop or online 
                    
                    
                    CTSI Brexit Think Tank Summary Booklet
                    
                    Report  Chartered Trading Standards Institute
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Free to view online and download 
                    
                    
                    Customs Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights, 2014 ed.
                    
                    Book  Legal Solutions
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Available to buy outright or on monthly contract 
                    
                    
                    Cyber Deterrence Report
                    
                    Report  US Department of Defense, Defense Science Board - 1 February 2017
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Available to download free of charge 
                    
                    
                    Definitions Do Matter
                    
                    Brochure  Rochester Electronics
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Free to view online 
                    
                    
                    Development of a Methodology to Determine Risk of Counterfeit Use
                    
                    Paper  iNEMI (International Electronics Manufacturing Initiative)
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    DSB Task Force Report on Cyber Supply Chain
                    
                    Report  Homeland Security Digital Library
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    EU Serious and Organised Crime Threat Assessment 2017
                    
                    Report  Europol
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Available to download free of charge 
                    
                    
                    Frequently asked questions for DNA marking
                    
                    MS Word Document  Defense Logistics Agency
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Available to download fee of charge 
                    
                    
                    Global Anti-Counterfeit Electronics and Automobiles Packaging Market Research Report 2017
                    
                    Report  Fior Markets
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Available to purchase 
                    
                    
                    Global Anti-counterfeit Electronics Packaging Market Size, Status and Forecast 2017-2022
                    
                    Report  Orbis Research
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Available to purchase or request a sample at 
                    
                    
                    Global Anti-counterfeit Packaging in Consumer Goods Market 2017-2021
                    
                    Report  Technavio
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Available to purchase at 
                    
                    
                    Glossary of International Customs Terms
                    
                    Publication  International Customs Organization
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Thirty page document available to download free of charge 
                    
                    
                    Government Response to the Working Group report on Product Recalls and Safety
                    
                    Report  Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Guide to Using Customs to Protect Your IPR in China
                    
                    Guide  China IPR SME Helpdesk
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Hardware Trojans - Prevention, Detection, Countermeasures
                    
                    Technical note  Defense Technical Information Centre
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Free to view online and download 
                    
                    
                    Hewlett Packard Anti-Counterfeit - Printer Cartridges
                    
                    Web pages  Hewlett Packard
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How to identify genuine cartridges and a facility to report counterfeits 
                    
                    
                    How and Why to Avoid Using Counterfeit Bearings
                    
                    Presentation  Schaeffler Group (USA) at the EASA Convention 2017
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Watch the presentation and listen to the commentary 
                    
                    
                    IAQG 9100 - 2016 Revision: Key Changes
                    
                    Presentation  SAE International
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    IECQ Counterfeit Avoidance Programme: Leading the way in counterfeit electronic component avoidance
                    
                    Brochure  International Electrotechnical Commission
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Explains how organisations can obtain an IECQ CAP Certificate of Conformity 
                    
                    
                    Intellectual Property and 3D Printing – Safeguarding the future! 
                    
                    Report  Anti Copying in Design (ACID)
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Intellectual Property Crime Threat Assessment 2019
                    
                    Report  European Union Intellectual Property Office
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Free to view online and download 
                    
                    
                    IP Crime highlight report 2013-14
                    
                    Report  Intellectual Property Office - 11 June 2014
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    IP Crime quarterly newsletter: Spring 2014
                    
                    Newsletter  Intellectual Property Office - 12 June 2014
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    IP Crime Update - Summer 2013
                    
                    Newsletter  Intellectual Property Office
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Available to download free of charge 
                    
                    
                    Manual for the Completion of Applications for Action and Extension Requests
                    
                    Publication  European Commission, Directorate General Taxation and Customs Union
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Plant Support Engineering: Counterfeit and Fraudulent Items—Mitigating the Increasing Risk
                    
                    Report  Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI)
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    PMMI Brand Protection and Product Traceability Report - 2016
                    
                    Report  The Association for Packaging and Processing Technologies
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    PRO-STD-001 Certification - A Counterfeit Component Quality Assurance Inspection course
                    
                    Distance learning course  ProSkill CTG
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Contact ProSkill CTG for more details and to schedule training 
                    
                    
                    Protecting creativity, supporting innovation: IP enforcement 2020
                    
                    Policy paper  UK Intellectual Property Office
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Protecting the Brand: Counterfeiting and Gray Markets
                    
                    Book  Peter Hlavnicka,  Anthony M. Keats, and Ryan Drimalla
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Available to purchase in printed form or as an e-book 
                    
                    
                    Quality in your pocket
                    
                    Booklet  Ministry of Defence
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Free to view online and download 
                    
                    
                    Report on EU customs enforcement of intellectual property rights, Results at the EU border - 2015
                    
                    Report  European Commission, Taxation and Customs Union - 31 December 2015
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Available to view or download free of charge 
                    
                    
                    Report on the EU customs enforcement of intellectual property rights: Results at the EU border, 2018
                    
                    Report  European Union Intellectual Property Office
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Free to view online and download 
                    
                    
                    Rochester Electronics Lead the Industry in the Campaign against Counterfeit Components
                    
                    Guidance document  Rochester Electronics - 19 November 2014
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Rochester Electronics’ Extension-of-Life Solutions: Not Just Replacement Parts 
                    
                    White paper  Rochester Electronics - 1 July 2011
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    SAE Counterfeit Defect Coverage Tool
                    
                    Web-based application   SAE International
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Provides potential test sequences for the identification of counterfeit parts 
                    
                    
                    SD-22 Diminishing Manufacturing Sources and Material Shortages (DMSMS) Guidebook
                    
                    Guidebook  U.S Department of Defense - 8 May 2014
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Viewable online or downloadable pdf free of charge 
                    
                    
                    Simpler and more effective market surveillance of products is urgently needed
                    
                    Position paper  Orgalime - 21 September 2017
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Spot A Fake 
                    
                    Webinar  AERI
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Register free of charge for the next webinar 
                    
                    
                    Supply Chain Management Handbook 
                    
                    Publication  IAQG (International Aerospace Quality Group)
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Free to download  
                    
                    
                    Supply Chain Toolkit 2011
                    
                    Publication  Intellectual Property Office, UK - November 2011
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Updated version 
                    
                    
                    Tackling counterfeit with ISO and IEC standards
                    
                    Publication  International Organization for Standardization
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Free to view online and download 
                    
                    
                    Taggants / Forensic Markers for Anti-Counterfeit, Brand Protection, Product Authentication, Diversion Detection & Overall Product Security
                    
                    Report  Securing Industry
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Enquire for more information 
                    
                    
                    Taggants / Forensic Markers for Anti-Counterfeit, Brand Protection, Product Authentication, Diversion Detection & Overall Product Security
                    
                    Report  Vandagraf International
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25% discount on publication price available until the end of September 
                    
                    
                    The 'Blue Guide' on the implementation of EU product rules 2016
                    
                    Guide  European Commission - 26 July 2016
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    The Cost of Counterfeit Semiconductors to the Electronics Industry
                    
                    White paper  Rochester Electronics - 8 June 2011
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    The Counterfeit Conundrum: 5 Best Practices for Mitigating Counterfeit Issues in the Electronics Industry
                    
                    White paper  Silicon Expert
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Free to view online and download 
                    
                    
                    The Counterfeit Electronic Components Minefield
                    
                    Book  International Institute of Obsolescence Management (IIOM)
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Available to purchase at 
                    
                    
                    The dangerous world of counterfeit and pirated software
                    
                    White paper  IDC - 1 December 2013
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    The economic cost of IPR infringement in the smartphones sector
                    
                    Report  European Union Intellectual Property Office
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    The economic impact of counterfeiting and piracy - executive summary 
                    
                    Publication  OECD (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development) - June 2008   
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                    The Economic Impacts of Counterfeiting and Piracy
                    
                    Report  INTA and BASCAP
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Available to download free of charge 
                    
                    
                    The Impact of COVID-19 on Supply Chains and How Businesses are Preparing for the Next Shock
                    
                    Report  Interos
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Free subject to registration 
                    
                    
                    The potential of blockchain technology in supply chain management & security
                    
                    White paper  De La Rue Authentication Solutions
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    The Promise of Connected Packaging — from Brand Protection to Consumer Engagement
                    
                    White paper  Systech
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    The Safe Shoppers Guide
                    
                    Publication  Electrical Safety Council, UK
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This useful guide is available as a web page and downloadable on pdf format 
                    
                    
                    Trade in Counterfeit ICT Goods
                    
                    Report  OECD
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Read online free of charge or purchase paperback and pdf 
                    
                    
                    Trade Marks: Essential Reading
                    
                    Booklet  Intellectual Property Office - May 2010
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Trading Places: The UK's IP Future
                    
                    Report  Alliance for Intellectual Property - 14 December 2017
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Free to view online and download 
                    
                    
                    Trading Standards Opportunities and Threats from the UK Withdrawal from the EU
                    
                    Report  Chartered Trading Standards Institute
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Free to view online and download 
                    
                    
                    Trends in Trade in Counterfeit and Pirated Goods
                    
                    Report  European Union Intellectual Property Office
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    WCO Annual Reports
                    
                    Reports  WCO (World Customs Organization)
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View or download free of charge the current report and archived reports 
                    
                    
                    What is the electronics industry doing about the threat of counterfeit components?
                    
                    Guidebook  Wayne Lam, ITRI Labs - 20 November 2014
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Free to download subject to registration 
                    
                    
                    Where are your bearings coming from?
                    
                    Brochure  SKF Bearings
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Free to download 
                    
                    
                    Why a counterfeit risk avoidance strategy fails
                    
                    Report  Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, George Washington University
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Available to purchase at 
                    
                    
                    Why Do Countries Export Fakes?
                    
                    Report  European Union Intellectual Property Office
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Free to view online and download 
                    
                    
                    Winning the Battle Against Counterfeit Semiconductor Products
                    
                    Report  Semiconductor Industry Association - 28 August 2013
Weblink
Downloadable pdf 
                    
                    
                    World Anti-Counterfeit Electronics and Automobiles Packaging - Market Opportunities and Forecasts, 2014 - 2020
                    
                    Report  Allied Market Research - 30 June 2015
Weblink
Available for purchase 
                    
                    
                    
    
If you are aware of any other useful publications on counterfeiting that you think should be listed here please contact us.
    
 
			
			Organisations combating counterfeiting
				
    
        The following organisations are active in undertaking work to combat the threat posed by counterfeiting, either of all goods or specifically electronic
        components. A lot of information is free to access although some organisations may require you to become a member:
    
    
        
         Alliance for Grey Market and Counterfeit Abatement
        
        A strategic initiative composed of leading high technology companies committed to addressing the global impact of the grey market and counterfeiting of goods on the technology industry
        
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         Alliance for Intellectual Property (IP)
        
        A UK-based coalition of 22 associations and enforcement organisations with an interest in ensuring IP rights receive protection. Members include representatives of the audiovisual, music, video games and business software, and sports industries, branded manufactured goods, publishers, authors, retailers and designers.
        
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         All-Party Parliamentary IP Group
        
        The Group was launched in 2003 to create a resource for parliamentarians of both Houses interested in learning more about IP, its role in stimulating creativity and economic growth, how new services are developing to serve consumer needs, and the harm that can be caused when IP is not properly respected and protected  
        
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         Alpha Non Proliferation Hub
        
        A government-sponsored initiative that was established to support the private sector in implementing export controls and countering the illicit trade that maintains prohibited nuclear and missile programs. 
Project Alpha encourages Antiproliferation practices through supply chains; working toward the goal of all firms having in place a proliferation resistant export compliance system and assists exporters in implementing best-practice compliance systems which both meet legal requirements and counter the risk of illicit trade. 
        
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         ANAB (ANSI-ASQ National Accreditation Board)
        
        The U.S accreditation body for management systems, ANSI is the official U.S. representative to the International Organization for Standardization and, via the U.S. National Committee, the International Electrotechnical Commission. ASQ advances learning, quality improvement, and knowledge exchange offering technologies, concepts, tools, and training.
        
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         Anti Copying in Design (ACID)
        
        ACID represents UK designers in taking legal action against illegal copying, campaigning for design law reform and promoting the importance of protecting original design through the media, at exhibitions and through events - seminars, workshops - and providing IP audits and a free membership IP hotline
        
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         Anti-Counterfeiting Group
        
        Represents the interests of UK and multinational companies, manufacturing a wide range of products from toothpaste to mobile phones, chocolate to car parts. Membership also includes lawyers, trade mark agents and brand protection specialists, creating a unique environment for anti-counterfeiting interests to collaborate. ACG campaigns against the trade in fakes on behalf of consumers and legitimate business interests, in partnership with government and law enforcement agencies, and other rights organisations.
        
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         Approved Cables Initiative
        
        The ACI addresses the issue of unsafe, non-approved and counterfeit cable entering the UK with industry and regulator support, educating the electrical supply chain from manufacturers to end users through a comprehensive communication schedule of seminars, marketing material and articles to national trade media
        
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         BASCAP (Business Action to Stop Counterfeiting and Piracy)
        
        An inititiative from the International Chamber of Commerce to connect and mobilise businesses across industries, sectors and national borders in the fight against counterfeiting and piracy, pool resources and expertise creating greater critical mass than any single company or sector could do alone, amplify the voice and views of business to governments, increase awareness and understanding of counterfeiting and piracy activities and the associated economic and social harm, compel government action and the allocation of resources towards strengthened intellectual property rights enforcement, and create a culture change to ensure intellectual property is respected and protected.
        
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         BEAMA 
        
        BEAMA provides leadership, expertise and independent influence in the areas of product safety, performance, energy efficiency and sustainability, in particular influencing UK and European policy. BEAMA has very broad experience in manufacturer representation with particular emphasis on product legislation, standards and market surveillance.
        
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         Business Software Alliance
        
        BSA works with national and local authorities around the world in a coordinated effort to change cultural perceptions among businesses and individuals about the legal use of software
        
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         Center for Counterfeit Avoidance (CAMA)
        
        To address the US counterfeit epidemic the USNC/IECQ has formed the Distributor Advisory Group (DAG) which participates in the development of International Conformity Assessment Rules of Procedures, International Training requirements and International Certification Body Recognition/Accreditation Rules. The USNC/IECQ represents the US electronic component Industry in the IEC IECQ.  
        
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         Chartered Trading Standards Institute
        
        The CTSI provides business guidance on compliance with trading standards legislation 
        
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         ChipCheck
        
        The new EU FP7 part funded two year project ChipCheck is seeking to address the issues generated by counterfeit electronic components with the development of a new inspection system
        
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         Communications Cables and Connectivity Association
        
        U.S. based trade association representing the interests of manufacturers and distributors of communications cable and connectivity products and material suppliers. Provides online resources to disseminate best practice to mitigate against counterfeit and non-compliant cables and connectivity products.
        
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         Counterfeiting Kills 
        
        A website managed by the BEAMA Anti-Counterfeiting Working Group, which comprises members from all of the major brands in the circuit breaker and electrical accessory sectors, and exists to raise awareness and create a political will in affected countries, employ investigators to take group raid action at source, mainly in China and in market countries and establish international communication network between Far East, Middle East and Africa 
        
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         Does It Comply?
        
        An industry initiative, lead by ACI, Anti-Counterfeiting Forum, BEAMA, LIA and GAMBICA and supported by Voltimum, to educate and inform contractors, installers, and specifiers to the damaging consequences to the industry from the trade in non-compliant product, whilst raising the profile to the wider stakeholders of issues with non-compliant products.
        
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         ECC Corporation
        
        Provides national and international value-added certified recognition for organisations involved with electronic components and related products and processes through the IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) Quality Assessment System
        
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         Electrical Safety First
        
        Organisation concerned with electrical safety in the UK both in the domestic and business environments also offering practical advice on counterfeit electrical products
        
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         Electrical Safety Foundation International 
        
        ESFI runs a campaign 'Zero tolerance for counterfeits', which raises awareness of the presence and threats posed by counterfeit electrical equipment
        
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         Electronic Components Industry Association
        
        U.S based trade association representing component manufacturers, authorised distributors and independent field sales representatives, previously NEDA, the Components Council and Quality Committee maintain an interest in supply chain issues including counterfeiting. 
        
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         Engineering Equipment and Materials Users Association
        
        UK based trade association supporting users to improve the safety, environmental and operating performance of industrial facilities.
        
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         ERAI
        
        ERAI monitors, investigates and reports issues that are affecting the global supply chain of electronics providing in-depth information on counterfeit, substandard and high-risk parts, reporting and investigation services and information and risk mitigation solutions.
        
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         EU - China IP Working Group
        
        Starting in 2004, structured annual EU-China talks on IPR have been held alternately in Brussels and in Beijing, enabling both sides to share information on multilateral/bilateral IPR issues and national IP legislation and practices, and identify shortcomings and proposals for improvement.
        
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         EU (European Union) 
        
        The EU is working on a number of fronts to increase IPR protection, working in the WTO to improve respect for IP rights and was a key supporter of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights.  The EU negotiates provisions on IP rights protection in its bilateral trade agreements and works closely at a technical level with its trading partners on IP issues, with the authorities of certain third countries, the EU conducts "political dialogues" on IP issues (usually involving European industry), and/or runs technical co-operation programmes intended to help enhance IPR system.  The EU is also involved in the development of a new Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement. 
        
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         European Semiconductor Industry Association (ESIA)
        
        The Anti Counterfeiting Task Force within ESIA works with its counterpart within SIA to raise awareness throughout the US and EU communities of semiconductor counterfeiting and coordinates  common industry action on both sides of the Atlantic by issuing and promoting guidelines for semiconductor purchasing and semiconductor manufacturers to mitigate counterfeits and issuing detection guidance and training for Border Control Authorities.
        
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         European Trademark and Design Network
        
        An online resource providing information on registered IP rights, contacts including enforcement authorities, products and logistics used by enforcement agencies. Right holders are able to file applications for action and receive alerts. The tool is connected with several intellectual property databases where updated information about the validity of the different rights can be found.
        
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         Federation Against Software Theft - Investors in Software
        
        The Federation Against Software Theft and Investors in Software (IiS) represent the UK software industry to strengthen and clarify the advice given to the end user community relating to best practice for Software Asset Management (SAM) and achieving cost efficient licence compliance.
        
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         GIDEP (Government Industry Data Exchange Program)
        
        A cooperative activity between government and industry participants seeking to reduce or eliminate expenditures of resources by sharing technical information essential during research, design, development, production and operational phases of the life cycle of systems, facilities and equipment
        
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         Global Intellectual Property Center
        
        An affiliate of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce leading a worldwide effort to champion intellectual property rights
        
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         Hellios Information
        
        A supplier information and risk management company developing and operating supplier pre-qualification, qualification and accreditation services for industry communities and multi-national companies, backed by extensive experience of procurement, supply chain management and compliance, and with world class specialist software technology, assessment and audit provision.
        
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         HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) 
        
        HMRC is responsible for frontier customs protection of IP rights in the UK and for processing applications for protection from IP rights holders. Physical checks at the frontier are undertaken by the UK Border Agency on behalf of HMRC. 
        
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         IDEA (Independent Distributors of Electronics Association)
        
        An international trade association comprising organisations dedicated to quality initiatives that provide Responsible Procurement Solutions™ to the supply chain through the implementation of quality standards, certifications, best practices and counterfeit detection methods. Initiatives include IDEA-STD-1010 and IDEA-ICE-3000 and a suspect counterfeit list available to IDEA members only
        
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         IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission)
        
        The leading global organisation that prepares and publishes international standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies that serve as a basis for national standardisation and as references when drafting international tenders and contracts. TC 107 develops process management standards on systems and equipment used in the field of avionics including electronics used in commercial, civil and military aerospace applications, is currently working on teh development of an international standard for the management of the threat of counterfeit components.
        
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         IECQ 
        
        The IECQ (International Electrotechnical Commission Quality Asessment System for Electronic Components) is a worldwide approval and certification system for the supply of electronic components and associated materials and assemblies and processes using quality assessment specifications based on International Standards prepared by the IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission)
        
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         IECQ Avionics Users Forum
        
        Community for discussion and information exchange on relevant industry standards and their audit programmes both online and in face-to-face meetings..
        
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         iNEMI (International Electronics Manufacturing Initiative)
        
        A not-for-profit, highly efficient R&D consortium of approximately 90 leading electronics manufacturers, suppliers, associations, government agencies and universities.
        
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         Intellectual Property Office 
        
        The Intellectual Property Office is the official government body responsible for Intellectual Property (IP) rights in the UK. These rights include patents, designs, trade marks and copyright. The Intellectual Property Office manages the IP Crime Group, which brings together Government, enforcement agencies and industry groups. The group aims to ensure a collaborative approach in addressing key IP crime (counterfeiting and piracy) issues. 
        
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         International AntiCounterfeiting Coalition
        
        World’s largest non-profit organisation devoted solely to protecting intellectual property and deterring counterfeiting, membership spans from automotive, apparel, luxury goods and pharmaceuticals, to food, software and entertainment.
        
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         International Hologram Manufacturers Association
        
        The International Hologram Manufacturers Association (IHMA) is made up of more than 90 of the world's leading hologram companies. IHMA members are the leading producers and converters of holograms for banknote security, anti-counterfeiting, brand protection, packaging, graphics and other commercial applications around the world. IHMA member companies actively cooperate to maintain the highest professional, security and quality standards
        
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         National Intellectual Property Rights Coordination Center
        
        The IPR Center employ a strategic approach to combat IP theft through investigation, focused inspections to keep counterfeit goods out of U.S. supply chains, and outreach and training
        
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         OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry 
        
        The OECD launched a project in 2005 to assess the magnitude and impact of counterfeiting and piracy, to improve factual understanding and awareness of how large the problem is and the effects that infringements of intellectual property rights have on governments, business and consumers in member countries and non-member economies. 
        
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         Orgalime 
        
        Orgalime acts on behalf of the engineering sector in Europe to and is pressing the European Commission, which is already active in a number of areas, to promote more actions on the external markets in both countries producing counterfeits and those importing them, and to push for an improvement in the application of existing regulations. 
        
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         Product & Image Security Foundation
        
        A non-profit making trade association with more than 100 members in 27 countries for manufacturers, suppliers and users of labels, tags, packaging, identification systems, materials and systems for any form of product security, brand image protection or product traceability applications and technology.
        
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         Quality Brands Protection Committee 
        
        The QBPC comprises more than 180 multinational member companies and works with the Chinese government to address the issues of IPR infringement, including trademark counterfeiting and piracy, originating in China. 
        
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         React
        
        A not-for-profit organization with over 20 years experience in fighting counterfeit trade with over 190 members, covering all areas of industry; including fashion and merchandising, tobacco, electronics and mobile phones, pharmaceuticals, football and toys
        
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         Semiconductor Industry Association 
        
        The SIA Anti-Counterfeiting Task Force (ACTF) is working  on a variety of fronts stop counterfeits from entering the marketplace
        
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         Stopfakes 
        
        Website managed by the International Trade Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce to provide access to ITA information on promoting trade and investment, strengthening the competitiveness of U.S. industry, and ensuring fair trade and compliance with trade laws and agreements. 
        
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         The European Observatory on Counterfeiting and Piracy
        
        The European Commission run European Observatory on Counterfeiting and Piracy is a platform to exchange information and to share best practices on enforcement. The Observatory also functions as a central resource for gathering, monitoring and reporting crucial information to improve knowledge about counterfeiting and piracy to target EU enforcement resources.
        
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         The Obsolescence Management Portal
        
        Non-profit knowledge sharing portal for all professionals covering product/project management, sustainment engineering and purchasing issues and suitable solutions.
        
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         U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
        
        The NRC sets out its policy regarding the use of products in U.S. nuclear power plants with links to guidance documents, its safety culture policy statement and public presentations.
        
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         UK IP Crime Group
        
        The UK IP crime group was founded in 2004 by the Intellectual Property Office due to the need to bring together Government, enforcement agencies and industry groups. The group aims to ensure a collaborative approach in addressing key IP crime (counterfeiting and piracy) issues.
        
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         UL
        
        UL assists companies in a variety of areas including safety, compliance, quality, security and brand protection with services including inspection, education and training, testing, auditing and analytics, certification software solutions and marketing claim verification
        
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         US Patent and Trademark Office 
        
        The US Patent and Trademark Office manages the Strategy Targeting Organized Piracy (STOP!) programme to combat the criminal networks that traffic counterfeit and pirated goods, stop trade in these goods at America's borders, block these goods around the world, and help small businesses secure and enforce their rights overseas.   
        
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         Voltimum
        
        Provides an online portal for news, product innovations, training, certification, and expert advise related to every aspect of the electrical industry Voltimum also supports the Does It Comply? initiative to educate and inform contractors, installers and specifiers of the damaging consequences to the industry from the trade in non-compliant product, whilst raising the profile to the wider stakeholders of issues with non-compliant products. 
        
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         WAITO (World Anti Illicit Traffic Organisation)
        
        WAITO aims to become a primary source of reference information on contemporary criminal threats in matters of counterfeiting crime. WAITO maintains close relationships with academia including criminologists, and supports original research and studies giving priority to counterfeit, non-compliant or adulterated products that are likely to endanger the health or safety of consumers including pharmaceuticals, food products, pesticides, tobacco, cosmetics, spare vehicle parts, raw materials for buildings and construction materials and equipment.
        
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         WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization)
        
        An agency of the United Nations dedicated to developing a balanced and accessible international intellectual property (IP) system, which rewards creativity, stimulates innovation and contributes to economic development while safeguarding the public interest.
        
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         World Bearing Association (Stop Fake Bearings)
        
        WBA is a non-profit and unincorporated industrial association founded in 2006 by the American Bearing Manufacturers' Association (AMBA), the Federation of European Bearing Manufacturers' Associations (FEBMA) and the Japan Bearing Industrial Association (JBIA). WBA runs the Stop Fake Bearings campaign to raise awareness about counterfeiting and help buyers, end users and distributors.
        
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         World Customs Organization
        
        The WCO introduced IPM to the world's senior customs officials during the WCO Council Meeting in June 2010. IPM is a secure communication tool for the exchange of information between right holders and customs administrations to combat counterfeiting including the provision for rights holders to provide information to a database accessible by field customs officers, a compendium of national legislation on intellectual property rights and  'counterfeiting' reports by sector.
        
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Counterfeiting and the law 
In the UK, companies supplying counterfeit components to the electronics supply chain are committing offences, which are of interest to Trading Standards and other law enforcement agencies. If such offences are reported to them, they will investigate.
The Intellectual Property Office encourages traders to take the matter up with their local Trading standards office for two reasons:
1. There may be criminal offences committed by the supplier of the components under Section 92 of the Trade Marks Act 1994, for selling goods which bear, or the packaging of which bears a sign identical to or likely to be mistaken for a registered Trade Mark. Law enforcement may wish to launch criminal proceedings against that supplier. Note that, if you identify components as being counterfeit and return them to your supplier, you are also committing an offence under the same Act. You should therefore retain possession of the components, withhold payment and advise your supplier that you are reporting to the matter to Trading Standards;
2. Counterfeit components that do not confirm to the specification of the original part may be inherently dangerous or render the equipment in which they are a component dangerous. In many instances this can be the case, where the definition of 'counterfeit' differs from that relevant to Section 92 of the Trade Marks Act 1994. This may constitute offences under safety legislation such as the General Product Safety Regulations 2005.
The ESCO also asks that you help your fellow electronics supply chain colleagues by uploading the details of the counterfeit parts to our suspected / alleged counterfeit component database, which can be accessed at 
	Suspect Database. You will need to log on to access this page. If you do not have a password, you can register free of charge at 
	Register. We have imposed this condition so that we can moderate the database to prevent any potentially inaccurate or malicious entries. However, your identity on the database is limited to your user name, which you can modify if you wish to retain a degree of anonymity. 
The Intellectual Property Office suggests that you may want to consider maintaining a business relationship with your local Trading Standards office so that you have a single point of contact to take your queries to. To find information on your local Trading Standards office, visit 
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    EC Regulation No 1383/2003 concerning customs action against IPR infringement
    
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    EU Information for IP rights holders on applying for action to be taken by customs
    
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    Guidance from the Intellectual Property Office: IP and Brexit
    
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    Guidance: IP crime and enforcement for businesses
    
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    Information from the UK Intellectual Property Office on enforcing your IP
    
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    Proposed U.S Secure E-Waste Export and Recycling Act
    
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    The UK IP Crime Strategy 2011
    
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    UK Consumer Rights Bill: Statement on Policy Reform and   Responses to Pre-Legislative Scrutiny
    
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    UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988
    
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    UK Government response: Consultation on proposed amendments to the Patents Rules 2007
    
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    UK Intellectual Property Act 2014 Section 13
    
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    UK Patents Act 1977
    
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    UK Registered Designs Rules 2006
    
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    UK Sale of Goods Act Fact Sheet
    
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    UK Trade Marks Act 1994, as amended
    
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    US National Defense Authorisation Act for Fiscal Year 2012 (see section 818) 
    
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    US Responsible Electronics Recycling Act 
    
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